Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
Hemoglobin A1c, or glycated hemoglobin, is a blood test that represents an estimate of blood glucose levels over the previous 2-3 months. Hemoglobin is responsible for binding oxygen for transport throughout the body. Hemoglobin can also bind glucose, which is more pronounced when glucose levels are elevated. The hemoglobin becomes glycated and remains in circulation for the remainder of its 120-day lifecycle.
The A1c represents the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated. This test can be used to screen for diabetes as well as to monitor treatment response.
Resources: Mayo Clinic - A1c Overview